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By Advocate Naveed Raza Nizamani Mangoes, long celebrated as the “King of Fruits,” occupy a distinctive place in Pakistan’s agricultural imagination. They are not merely a seasonal delight that signals the arrival of summer; they are also a cornerstone of rural livelihoods, binding together a complex chain of growers, orchard owners, contractors, labourers, transporters and traders. Yet behind the fragrant abundance that fills markets each year lies an industry increasingly under strain, where rising costs, climatic volatility and inconsistent policy decisions are eroding the very foundations of profitability. At its heart, the mango economy is a risk-heavy enterprise built on…

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The idea of uniting the countries whose names end in “stan” has long existed on the margins of political discussion, often appearing more as a historical curiosity or a cultural aspiration than a realistic policy objective. Yet in an era of shifting alliances, emerging regional blocs and growing dissatisfaction with existing international power structures, the notion of closer integration among Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Central Asian republics deserves serious examination. While a fully unified political entity remains highly improbable, the broader concept of a coordinated Stan region raises important questions about the future of Asia and the evolving balance of…

By Prof Dr. Sheikh Akram Ali The July 2024 Revolution is considered a new chapter that successfully liberated the people of Bangladesh from the fascist regime of Sheikh Hasina and Indian hegemonic control. Undoubtedly, this revolution reflected the aspirations of the people; however, this spirit is yet to be fully integrated as the guiding principle for the future politics of Bangladesh. In light of the July Charter and the referendum, both the government and the opposition parties appear sincere about building a new Bangladesh. The government’s responsibility is to formulate a roadmap or framework for its actual implementation, which can…

By Amjad QaimKhani For generations, Karachi stood as Pakistan’s greatest urban success story. It was the country’s commercial capital, its busiest port city, and the engine that powered national economic growth. People from every province arrived in search of opportunity, contributing to a dynamic, diverse and entrepreneurial metropolis that symbolised aspiration and progress. Today, however, that image has been replaced by a far more troubling reality. Karachi, despite remaining the backbone of Pakistan’s economy, is increasingly associated with decaying infrastructure, failing public services, political dysfunction and declining quality of life. The deterioration of Pakistan’s largest city has not occurred overnight.…

Amir Muhammad Khan The passage of Pakistan’s Budget 2026–27 has, as expected, been accompanied by a familiar mixture of political bargaining, coalition anxiety and rhetorical contestation. In the final stretch before approval, the federal capital briefly resembled less a site of fiscal decision-making and more a theatre of negotiated survival, where competing parties recalibrated their positions not so much on the basis of economic philosophy, but on political leverage and institutional survival. The tensions within the governing arrangement were visible in the positioning of key allies. The Muttahida Qaumi Movement–Pakistan (MQM-P), long a pivotal urban political force in Sindh, once…

If the reported agreement between the United States and Iran is formally signed in Geneva this week, it will mark one of the most consequential diplomatic developments in the Middle East in decades. Beyond the symbolism of two long-standing adversaries reaching a negotiated understanding, the agreement would represent a rare victory for dialogue in a region where military confrontation has too often been allowed to dictate political outcomes. It is therefore understandable that governments across the world have welcomed the prospect of a settlement that promises not only to reduce tensions but also to restore a measure of stability to…

By Dr Nazia Sher Manta rays and mobula rays, collectively known as mobulids, are among the most remarkable yet least understood marine species in Pakistan’s waters. These large, gentle filter-feeders belong to the genus Mobula and are globally recognised for their ecological importance and extreme biological vulnerability. In the Arabian Sea, particularly within Pakistan’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), they remain largely invisible in fisheries policy despite being increasingly affected by human activity. Scientific records, including FAO identification guides and regional fisheries studies, confirm the presence of at least five mobulid species in Pakistan’s marine waters. These include the oceanic manta…

By Khpalwak Mohmand The recent demand by the All Tribes Jirga to accord formal legal status to jirgas in the tribal areas is more than a procedural request. It reflects a deeper anxiety about identity, governance and access to justice in regions where the state’s formal institutions remain distant, slow, or often mistrusted. For many in the tribal districts, the jirga is not an alternative to justice but its most immediate and culturally legitimate form. It is both a memory of continuity and a living mechanism of dispute resolution that has shaped Pakhtun society for centuries. At its core, the…